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Horehound
Marrubium vulgare L.
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Family: Lamiaceae,
Mint
Genus: Marrubium
Description
Plant height: 30-100 cm tall.
Growth habit:
perennial from a stout taproot, nearly trailing
to almost erect.
Stems:
generally several, conspicuously white-woolly.
Leaves: basal lacking, stem leaves opposite, grey-
woolly-hairy or partly almost hairless, wrinkled, not much
reduced upward, stalked. Blades 20-55 mm long and often
nearly or quite as wide, broadly elliptic to round-ovate or
nearly fan-shaped, evidently blunt-toothed.
Flowers: whitish, about 6 mm long, with 2 almost equal
lips, the upper lip erect and narrowly 2-lobed, the lower one
spreading and with broadly rounded central lobe. Many
flowers in compact, separate whorls. Calyx with short star-
shaped hairs and often also more or less long-hairy, with a
ring of projecting long hairs within the throat. Calyx tube
4-5 mm long, the 10 narrow, firm teeth somewhat shorter,
widely spreading, with backward-curved spines on tips.
Flowering time: June-October.
Fruits: 4 small nutlets.
Distribution
A casual weed along roadsides and in other disturbed
habitats, in w. and s. parts of MT. Native of Europe, now
wide-spread elsewhere in the world.
Edible and Medicinal plant: see below. |
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(click on image for full size)
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Edible Uses:
The leaves of horehound can be used as a seasoning. They are bitter and pungent, and are sometimes used
to flavor herb beer or liqueurs. Horehound ale is a fairly well-known drink made from the leaves. A mild
pleasantly flavored tea is made from the fresh or dried leaves.
Medicinal Uses:
White Horehound has long been noted for its efficacy in lung troubles and coughs. Preparations of horehound
are largely used as expectorants and tonics. It may, indeed, be considered one of the most popular pectoral
remedies, being given with benefit for chronic cough, asthma, and some cases of consumption. Horehound
is sometimes combined with hyssop, rue, liquorice root and marshmallow root, 1/2 oz. of each boiled in
2 pints of water, to 1 1/2 pint, strained and given in 1/2 teacupful doses, every two to three hours.
For children's coughs and croup, it can be given in the form of syrup, and is considered a most useful
medicine for children, not only for the complaints mentioned, but as a tonic and a corrective of the stomach.
It has quite a pleasant taste. Taken in large doses, it acts as a gentle purgative. The powdered leaves
have also been employed as a vermifuge and the green leaves, bruised and boiled in lard, are made into
an ointment which is good for wounds. For ordinary cold, a simple infusion of horehound (horehound tea)
is generally sufficient in itself. The tea may be made by pouring boiling water on the fresh or dried
leaves, 1 oz. of the herb to the pint. A wineglassful may be taken three or four times a day. Candied
horehound is best made from the fresh plant by boiling it down until the juice is extracted, then adding
sugar before boiling this again, until it has become thick enough in consistence to pour into a paper
case and be cut into squares when cool. Two or three teaspoonsful of the expressed juice of the herb may
also be given as a dose in severe colds.
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